Understanding Breast-Feeding Behavior of Mothers Using a Developed Culture Specific Tool Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior in Western Kenya

Abstract

This study was set up to understand breast-feeding behavior of mothers using a developed culture-specific tool grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in western Kenya. The methods used in the study were Mixed Methods Approaches, in-depth interviews and FGDs. About 230 breast-feeding mothers (18-40 years) attending Baby Friendly Hospital Initiatives were randomly selected for participation in the study. Data analysis was done using Factor analysis, Principle Component Analysis with Varimax rotation. The averages of intention, perceived behavioral control-2 and subjective norm communalities were 0.76, 0.82 and 0.78, respectively. A unit increase in maternal attitude and in perceived behavioral control resulted in a 4.93 units decrease of breast-feeding intention on early initiation of breast-feeding within the first hour of birth (p = 0.0296) and a 36.44 unit's decrease breast-feeding intention on initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour of birth (p = 0.0151), respectively. These results supported content and construct validity and the tool was useful in measuring factors influencing breast-feeding behaviour.