Abstract:
Understanding the spatial dynamics of landscape use by free-ranging herbivores is essential for species management and conservation in its natural environment. We used
Ivelv’s selection index, binary logistic regression analyses and stepwise regression to
understand how environmental factors shape habitat selection by the Grevy’s zebra
(Equus greyvi). We measured biotic, abiotic and human factors that may influence
presence or absence of Grevy’s zebra in Samburu-Laikipia landscape and showed: (1)
during wet periods, percentage perennial grasses, livestock density and grass quality
had the greatest effect on Grevy’s zebra presence; but (2) during dry weather periods
a different suite of factors determined their landscape distribution, namely, the percentage of tree and bush density, distance to water and overall grass abundance. In
addition, different Grevy’s zebra demographic and reproductive classes varied in their
response to environmental selective forces, thus demonstrating flexibility in their patterns of habitat selection. While we recommend more detailed studies on how abiotic
and biotic interact to shape habitat selection patterns, our findings underscored the
need of maintaining both dry and wet season habitats to ensure essential grazing area
refugia. Our findings show that ‘soft’ development with controlled livestock stocking
rates within the landscape will enhance Grevy’s zebra conservation.
