Biodiversity and sustainable management of a tropical wetland lake ecosystem: A case study of Lake Kanyaboli, Kenya

Abstract

Lake Kanyaboli and the surrounding Yala swamp wetland has been recognized as an important biodiversity hotspot. Recent population genetic and phylogenetic studies confirm the evolutionary importance of Lake Kanyaboli in preserving the cichlid fish fauna of Lake Victoria. The adjoining Yala swamp harbours the endangered swamp antelope Sitatunga (Tragecephalus spekii) and several papyrus endemic birds. The lake and adjoining swamp play a critical role in the livelihood of the local communities who heavily depend on the wetland resources. Current ongoing large scale land use changes within the swamp threaten the ecological integrity and functioning of this highly dynamic wetland ecosystem. It is therefore imperative that proper management and conservation measures be put in place to protect Lake Kanyaboli and associated Yala swamp wetland. This paper presents a review of the biodiversity of Lake Kanyaboli and the associated wetland and the threats the lake ecosystem faces. Polycultural ‘finger ponds’ aquaculture, tourism and papyrus based industries as well as an all stakeholders driven management plan are suggested as a step towards achieving sustainable management, utilization and conservation of the Lake Kanyaboli ecosystem. Key words: Biodiversity, Conservation, Lake Management, Lake Kanyaboli, Land use changes, Yala swamp.