http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/6743 2026-05-15T11:14:12Z 2026-05-15T11:14:12Z Moses K. Maraka, Lewis N. Nyaga http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19827 2026-05-05T07:05:30Z 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z

The Orbit Structure of the Product of Four Alternating Groups Acting on the Cartesian Product of Four Sets of Ordered Tuples Moses K. Maraka, Lewis N. Nyaga This paper explores the orbit structure of the direct product of four alternating groups acting on the Cartesian product of four sets of ordered 𝛾-tuples. The associated orbitals and suborbits lengths are determined using combinatorial formulae. Contrary to previous studies involving ordered pairs or fewer group factors, this setting introduces significantly higher combinatorial configurations arising from higher-dimensional tuple structures. This brings rise to a general orbit structure pattern that do not arise in pair-based and fewer group factors cases. The number of orbitals of 𝐴𝑛1 × 𝐴𝑛2 × 𝐴𝑛3 × 𝐴𝑛4 acting on 𝑈1 [𝛾] × 𝑈2 [𝛾] × 𝑈3 [𝛾] × 𝑈4 [𝛾] , (∀ 𝑛 − 𝛾 ≥ 2) is 16 and explicit suborbits lengths formulae are obtained using combinatorial methods. The results extend existing research on ranks and subdegrees while revealing new structural phenomena unique to actions on ordered 𝛾-tuples of direct product of four alternating groups.

2026-04-01T00:00:00Z John Wamumwe Mwangi, Denis Kiragu, Bakari Chaka, James Ndiritu http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19818 2026-04-08T10:51:49Z 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z

Characterization and electrochemical analysis of aluminium-citrate ion cell from waste aluminum foils and natural citric acid John Wamumwe Mwangi, Denis Kiragu, Bakari Chaka, James Ndiritu This study aims to prepare an aluminum-citrate ion cell from waste aluminum foils and citric acid extracted from Dovyalis caffra fruits (Kei apples) and further demonstrate their electrochemical performance at varying impedances, electrode thicknesses and discharge times. Aluminum oxide ions were prepared from discarded aluminum foils, and citric acid were produced by co-precipitating macerated Dovyalis caffra extracts by acid infusion. Aluminum foil wastes were utilized in acid codigestion to produce aluminum oxide nanoparticles. The prepared aluminum oxide was then characterized for surface morphology, composition and phases present. The prepared particles revealed Al2O3 boehmite moieties and ranged between 66.3 and 106.1 nm in size. The synthesized citric acid depicted desirable morphological and electrolytes traits similar to those of commercial citric acid. The cells open and closed current-voltages were directly proportional to the electrode diameter. While the cells were found to be quite Ohmic in nature with increased impedance with electrode distances, discharge times were also proportional to electrode diameters. The cell's energy balance was 477.6–346.3 J/s, with a density of 47.1–53.7 Wh/kg. The results showed that the cells could successfully produce portable energy storage devices from waste materials.

2026-04-01T00:00:00Z Enoch Santeto Kuntai, Jared Ombiro Gwaro, Ogaro Elijah Nyakang’o http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/19043 2026-02-13T07:48:44Z 2026-02-01T00:00:00Z

The role of atomic coherence in enhanced absorption line-profile Enoch Santeto Kuntai, Jared Ombiro Gwaro, Ogaro Elijah Nyakang’o In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis of the burning of a narrow transparency window on the enhanced absorption spectrum of a probe laser in a triple resonance configuration visualized as a V-type plus a two-level system. The transparency window is due to coherence effects causing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a V-type system (i.e. Autler–Townes splitting plus quantum interference), for atomic vapor at a finite temperature. Additionally, the EIT window is enhanced by velocity induced population oscillation effect, velocity selective saturation effect, optical pumping effect (a source of ground state level population dynamics) and wavelength mismatch of the resonant laser fields forming a V-type configuration.

2026-02-01T00:00:00Z Josephate O. Bosire · Aloys M. Osano · Justin K. Maghanga · Patricia B.C. Forbes http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18603 2026-01-14T07:22:57Z 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z

Assessment of Local Domestic Solid Fuel Sources: A Kenyan Case Study in Kisii, Bomet and Narok Counties Josephate O. Bosire · Aloys M. Osano · Justin K. Maghanga · Patricia B.C. Forbes Proximate analyses and decomposition profiles of solid fuels commonly used in Kenya were studied to determine their relative suitability for use as a clean and efficient source of energy in households. The moisture, volatile matter, ash, and fixed carbon content of firewood, charcoal, and briquette samples were investigated, as well as their decomposition profiles under various temperature regimes. Except for the ash content of the briquette sample, which deviated slightly likely due to the presence of binders, all the values were within acceptable limits according to International Energy Agency and World Health Organization. Decomposition profiles revealed that mass change during combustion tends to occur primarily between 350 and 500 °C once the majority of the volatiles had been released. Briquette samples proved to be the most dependable and suitable household fuel due to their longer combustion time and lower volatile matter content, implying lower emissions

2023-02-01T00:00:00Z